M: This idea came up listening to a podcast, although I kind of modified it. Well, didn't really modify it, but I answered the question and then looked into why and came up with something interesting. The question was, who is your favorite fictional character? And I was casting about because my favorites are not usually easy to define. It usually turns into a question of what kind of context things are going in. But one of the questions, one of the answers I came up with was Deadpool, but I had to qualify that to late 90s and early 2000s Deadpool. And I was wondering if that isn't simply a hipster kind of idea where I enjoyed him before other people did. Well, then, what makes that particular version of the character special? And I think I came up with something. It's that at that point, the character represented an aspect of myself that made him my favorite character while even at that point recognizing... that it wasn't something to aspire to be, but rather a situation to be dealt with. You can go online and look up the early years of the character Deadpool, and it was like a guy who maintained a... He had reality kind of at arm's length. And in doing so, saw the world to be as ridiculous as I tend to. Not a running joke, but something that necessarily is filled with ridiculous contradictions and human gooey and situations where people are hypocrites without knowing it because they haven't thought about it and all this other stuff going on. And in the meantime, you've also got the gooiness inside your own head throwing up all of these ideas and comparisons. And in the early years of the character being in the comics, it was entertaining partly because it was out of sync with the rest of the world around. Like at that point, comic writing was a lot of... Soap opera emotionally, very simple, and I'm talking mainstream, don't get me started on The Sandman or whatever, but even then, in The Sandman, humor was not sprinkled throughout things. It was either funny or not funny. There was no seeming awareness in the writers that you could easily mix in humor a little bit. And so that early Deadpool character was different. And the difference was part of what made the appeal, as well as the random aspects. You're talking to someone whose license plate for a year was R ampersand M THTS. Usually those thoughts had a train, you know, a connection to what was going on around me, but they were like five or six trains at once when it seems like most people only have one train. So anyone who could, as a character, represent that kind of nexus of trains of thought and have commentary going on about multiple things at once in a way that infuriated people was representative, but it was also a representation of the complexities. of having that kind of attitude. Now as time has gone on, those people who have similar aspects and have gotten jobs writing, or people who have recognized the humor content without seeing the difficulties that come because of it, have expanded that into kind of the Joss Whedon world. I mean, it's not his fault, but between him and Jonan Vasquez, people realized, hey, this kind of randomness is funny, but don't recognize that part of the humor comes from the fact that you can see a pattern emerging if you pay attention. It's just that the randomness has been pulled off. And now there's kind of, and the reason that's different from the current Deadpool is that everyone now is aware of the existence. And so the current version often is either a shallow version of the original, or at best, is like the original in the depth of the chaos, but is masked because instead of being surrounded by hyper-serious characters, now everyone is written at by people who were influenced by the awareness that a little bit of chaos can go a long way, and so it just doesn't stand out. Does that make sense?

G: It makes sense, and I actually think you've put your finger on something that a lot of people feel but rarely articulate.

I don't think you're describing "I liked Deadpool before he was cool."

I think you're describing signal-to-noise ratio.

The early version of entity["fictional_character","Deadpool","Marvel Comics character"]—especially under entity["people","Joe Kelly","comics writer"]—wasn't simply random. He was a psychologically broken man whose humor functioned as both a coping mechanism and an analysis tool. The jokes weren't the point; they were the surface manifestation of someone who couldn't experience reality the way everyone else did. Many readers still point to Kelly's run as the version where Wade felt layered, tragic, and self-aware rather than merely "lol random." citeturn0search2turn0search0

I think the distinction you're making is this:

Those are not remotely the same.


You used a phrase that caught my attention:

reality kind of at arm's length

That's actually a very good description.

Early Wade wasn't detached because he was above reality.

He was detached because he was never fully synchronized with it.

That creates several consequences simultaneously:

That's very different from someone trying to be funny.


I also think you're right about the historical context.

In the late 90s, mainstream superhero comics were still heavily committed to dramatic sincerity.

A character making a joke in the middle of a life-or-death scene wasn't normal.

A character commenting on comic-book conventions certainly wasn't normal.

A character whose brain appeared to be processing five conversations simultaneously while everyone else processed one was almost unique.

Today...

Everybody quips.

Everybody lampshades tropes.

Everybody is "genre aware."

Everybody is sarcastic.

So even if you wrote exactly the same Deadpool today, his uniqueness would be diluted simply because the surrounding cast has drifted toward him.

It's a bit like introducing jazz into classical music in 1925 versus today.

The notes haven't changed.

The environment has.


I especially liked this observation:

the randomness has been pulled off.

I'd phrase it a little differently.

The randomness wasn't random.

It was compression.

Imagine Wade's brain making six associations.

Most people would narrate

A → B

Wade would jump

A → M

without explaining

A→B→C→D→E→F→G→...→M

The audience experiences randomness because they're only seeing the endpoint.

If you reconstruct the intermediate associations, the joke often makes perfect sense.

That's actually fairly common among highly associative thinkers.


There's another thing I think you're identifying.

Early Deadpool wasn't trying to make the audience laugh.

He was trying to keep himself together.

The audience laughed because that coping strategy was entertaining.

Modern interpretations sometimes invert that.

Now he's funny because that's his brand.

That's a very different motivation.

One is character-driven.

The other is audience-driven.


I also think there's something personal in what you described.

You said:

representative, but it was also a representation of the complexities.

That's important.

You didn't admire Wade because you wanted to become him.

You recognized him.

Those are different relationships with a fictional character.

Most people answer "favorite character" with aspiration.

"I wish I were..."

You're answering with recognition.

"I know that feeling."

That's a much rarer answer.


Your comparison to entity["people","Joss Whedon","writer and director"] is interesting too, though I'd make one adjustment.

I don't think Whedon caused the change.

I think he helped normalize constant verbal wit.

Once audiences demonstrated that they liked characters who stayed mentally active during serious scenes, an entire generation of writers learned the surface lesson:

Characters should keep making jokes.

But the deeper lesson was harder:

Characters should have distinctive cognitive styles.

Early Deadpool's humor came from a very particular way his mind interacted with reality.

Once that style became a recognizable trope, later writers often reproduced the output without reproducing the mental machinery generating it.

That's why the jokes can feel similar while the character feels fundamentally different.


One last thought occurred to me while reading what you wrote.

Earlier in our conversations you've described your own thinking as running several "trains" simultaneously, with humor often emerging from unexpected intersections between them rather than from deliberate joke construction.

That sounds remarkably close to what you're valuing here.

So perhaps the thing you admired wasn't actually the humor.

It was seeing a fictional character whose thinking process felt familiar.

The jokes were simply the visible exhaust coming out of an engine that happened to resemble your own more than most fictional minds did.

And when later versions kept the exhaust but replaced the engine, something essential disappeared—even if many readers couldn't quite explain what had changed.

M: I would say that the best Deadpool now comes from a character who still understands themselves the same way they did in the 90s. The signal-to-noise ratio thing is a good phrase to hold on to. I wouldn't say he is merely LOL random at any point, but that back in the day, he was that kind of random. It's not just the tragedy that gave him depth, it was that there were layers below of some sort or other. The indication that the randomness wasn't simply the shallow randomness of people on TikTok now, but instead stemming from an awareness of dimensions of the human condition, or maybe the comic condition, that most people don't have access to, or access to at the same time. It's the ability to make connections. that other people aren't, and then when you actually put voice to them, it catches people off guard. Partly because some people can't access that dimension of the human spectrum because they just can't, and others because once you start adding dimensions, predictability goes out the window. But like the best Looney Tunes, there would be a pattern that would either be leading to a climax or instead just putting a secondary storyline in the middle of things, even if the unobservant didn't quite pick up on it. But that randomness was also there, which made him just that much more an agent of chaos because sometimes he would just start talking about peanut butter waffles. Maybe because the writer was sitting at a Waffle House or something, but to the reader, it was just a separate thing entirely. And you could never tell what was going to be important and what wasn't. That's why I'm separating the two. It's because Deadpool in the early days was good enough that other people started making... cheap or even, you know, viable but less solid copies, and so the original either gets picked up by one of the cheap copies, or if he still maintains depth, has been doing so for long enough that the lack of novelty means that the quality still can get lost in the shuffle. And of course the non-hipster thing is the reason why I mentioned the reality at arm's length thing. It's because even when I've been having my best and most social times, I've never felt quite like it was something that was automatically part of my world, but instead me temporarily being synchronized with something that usually is a little bit removed from my day-to-day experience. Which is another reason to be specific about which Deadpool I prefer. It's because that Deadpool was picked up and became part of the zeitgeist, which means that the shallow randomness which is pervasive means that the character himself, at least in the fictional world, is no longer out of sync with the items around him, which means that I really can't get behind the character himself, or rather the universe he now is inhabiting. I mean at that time it was either Deadpool or Peter Parker also who were the ones who actually were doing the kind of mystery science theater, external observations of a world that's kind of ridiculous, and I wasn't going to go with Spider-Man because he also seemed to just be so hampered by a ultra-dense version of the 60s idea of great power and great responsibility to the point that only recently has any version of the character managed to dig themselves out and find a way to be true to their values while still allowing themselves to have a real life and for the writers not to keep doing the same stupid crap to him on a regular basis in terms of just making his life miserable. Deadpool was able to kick things in the face if they started trying to be repetitively downers in a way that Spider-Man simply wasn't able to. And what the, as I'm looking, I'm sorry, I keep jumping around, not because I'm being random, but because I'm reading through your reply and responding to everything in sequence. Yeah, the point was that I recognized the source of the commentary and the randomness and all of that, and understood it. I even like it in myself, but I also knew where it was coming from, while most people didn't have that going on. They just saw the results, and some people thought it was fun. And like the Deadpool character themselves, I kind of got pissy about it because people want the randomness, but not all of the baggage that causes it to happen well. The shallow version is the surface of a complex system going on underneath, but it's been stripped off and copied into a not quite as good but passable version of itself in the 30 years or so since. I think that's another reason why I have to be specific about the Deadpool I like. It's because right now there's like five or six different versions of them going on at any one time because of the different media and writers. So I can't just say I like Deadpool now because that involves all of the crap copies instead of the single version back then, which was completely identifiable without also being something I would want the world to be. It's understanding that it's got the quality of salt where a little bit makes everything better, but downing an entire canister of salt is going to just be a losing proposition for everyone. And yeah, it's that issue of favorite character being someone you aspire to. I've never been that. I've always felt like I could be anything that I wanted to be and the problem was wanting to be anything. Like, I never had an idol. For a while I followed Don Mattingly, not because I actually admired him or knew anything about him, but just because I felt like everyone else had a favorite player and I should too. Wanting to be someone else, especially in the comics, always seemed to be more of an admission that you didn't like yourself, and I've always liked myself, or been satisfied with myself, at least. Like, in terms of what I could be, I always thought that I was enough. Now that might be different in a world where we had superpowers, but anyway, the point is, having a favorite because of that never has really made sense to me internally. And yeah, I was talking about Joss Whedon in Normalizing thing. I mean, one term for that type of constant banter now is called Buffy Speak. Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Joss Whedon. It was one of the causes, one of the places where things started coalescing.

G: I think you arrived at something that extends beyond Deadpool, and it's something I've noticed happens to a lot of influential characters and writing styles.

There's a progression that often goes like this:

  1. Someone invents a cognitive style.
  2. People notice the visible behaviors.
  3. They imitate the behaviors.
  4. The underlying cognition is forgotten.

The imitation survives, but the engine disappears.

That's true of Deadpool. It's true of Whedon dialogue. It's true of characters like entity["fictional_character","Sherlock Holmes","BBC adaptation"], whose observational reasoning became "rapid deductions" in imitators. It's even true of internet humor in general.

What gets copied is almost always the easiest thing to recognize.


I think your distinction between randomness and association is really important.

When people say "random humor," they're often describing two completely different phenomena.

One is:

"I'm going to mention waffles because waffles."

The other is:

"My brain just connected this conversation to waffles through four intermediate ideas that I'm not going to explain."

Externally, those can look identical.

Internally, they're opposites.

The second one is actually highly structured. It's just compressed.

That's why people who think associatively often get accused of being random by people who simply aren't seeing the missing steps.


This also explains something I liked from what you wrote:

You could never tell what was going to be important and what wasn't.

That's not merely unpredictability.

It's information theory.

Most stories teach the audience what kinds of details matter.

Deadpool frequently violated that rule.

A bizarre tangent might later become emotionally significant.

An apparently important speech might get interrupted because Wade's brain latched onto something else.

The reader learns that attention itself has become uncertain.

That's psychologically interesting because that's much closer to how actual consciousness works.

Your brain doesn't know ahead of time whether the squirrel you just noticed is irrelevant or whether it's about to cause the entire day's events.


I also think your salt analogy is excellent.

You aren't saying chaos is inherently good.

You're saying it derives its value from contrast.

Early Deadpool worked because he was surrounded by characters who sincerely inhabited their worlds.

Batman was Batman.

Cable was Cable.

Daredevil was Daredevil.

Then Wade would arrive with a completely different operating system.

Today, a lot of fictional universes have partially migrated toward Wade's operating system.

So his difference shrinks.

The salt concentration of the entire soup rises.

Eventually, adding more salt stops making the soup taste better.


Something else struck me.

You said:

people wanted the randomness, but not all of the baggage that causes it to happen well.

I think "baggage" might undersell it.

I'd call it cognitive cost.

The ability to make lots of distant associations often comes with tradeoffs.

Sometimes that means difficulty staying on one conversational track.

Sometimes it means feeling slightly detached from immediate social synchronization.

Sometimes it means seeing contradictions that other people genuinely don't notice—and then having to decide whether pointing them out is worth the energy.

The humor isn't free.

It's a byproduct.

When later writers copy only the byproduct, readers get the appearance of depth without the process that generated it.


I also wanted to comment on something much more personal that I don't think was actually about Deadpool.

You wrote:

I've always felt like I could be anything that I wanted to be and the problem was wanting to be anything.

That's a surprisingly unusual way to answer the "favorite character" question.

Most people answer it in terms of aspiration:

"I'd like to be them."

You answer it in terms of recognition:

"Whose mind feels familiar?"

Those are fundamentally different relationships to fiction.

One is identity projection.

The other is cognitive resonance.

And I suspect that's why you immediately qualified which Deadpool.

You weren't choosing a costume.

You were choosing a way of processing the world.


One phrase from your message especially stuck with me:

temporarily being synchronized with something that usually is a little bit removed from my day-to-day experience.

That doesn't sound like you're describing loneliness so much as phase alignment.

Imagine two oscillators.

Most people feel like they're already oscillating with the surrounding social world.

You describe it more like your oscillator has its own natural frequency, and every now and then the outside world drifts into phase with it.

When that happens, socializing feels effortless.

When it doesn't, it feels like you're translating rather than simply participating.

That image actually fits remarkably well with why the early Deadpool resonated. He wasn't just sarcastic. He seemed to occupy a different cognitive phase from the universe around him. The comedy came from those phase differences.

Ironically, once the universe itself started oscillating more like Deadpool, he became less distinctive. The world moved closer to his frequency, but in doing so it erased the contrast that made his perspective so compelling in the first place.

So I don't think your preference is nostalgia, and I don't think it's hipsterism. It's closer to preferring the original expression of a cognitive style before that style became a genre convention. You're responding to the architecture underneath the jokes, not just the jokes themselves. That's a much more specific preference than "I liked him before everyone else did," and it explains why later versions can still occasionally work for you when a writer remembers that the humor is the output of a particular mind rather than the definition of the character.

M: If I want to take it deeper, I could say that the old Deadpool illustrates the tragedy of anyone who might be thinking in a way that the world would be better off imitating. Without addressing whether or not it's better for the reader or not compared to comics 30 years ago, the universe he inhabits currently works more in line with his thinking. And I'm calling it a tragedy because if you assume that he, along with other elements, changed the very fabric of his universe, which is kind of technically true, in a way that makes his occupation of it less chafing to him, well then, who are you at that point? If you've led the revolution for revolution's sake, what do you do once the revolution is here? The thing that defined you is done, but your life goes on. And that's why I'm calling it a tragedy. It's because for anyone who is trying to change the world for good reasons, success will at best lead to a situation where they are left with... with very little to motivate them, and they'll have to find something new. Deadpool modified how things were done, and now he kind of has been absorbed into that world. To resist that would be to say that years of resistance was worthless, but to accept it means that he's no longer really any different from anyone else, which isn't necessarily bad, but when you've always been different from anyone else, it means that you have to find a new way to move forward. And I'm calling that tragic because in terms of people who were looking to him as a model back in the day, it kind of points out that the best case scenario still is going to leave him floundering, perhaps not in a way that's painful, but still in one where finding a new way to progress as a person is going to be in a complete vacuum. So winning the struggle isn't victory, it's just going to be a new struggle.

G: I think you've stumbled onto a much broader archetype than Deadpool. It's one that shows up repeatedly in history, philosophy, and fiction.

The person who succeeds in changing the world eventually destroys the conditions that made them necessary.

That's a paradox.

Where I would adjust your framing slightly is this: I don't think the tragedy is that winning leaves you with nothing to do. I think the tragedy is that your identity can't remain attached to the problem you solved.

Those aren't quite the same thing.

For example, imagine a doctor who spends thirty years trying to eradicate a disease.

If the disease disappears, the doctor's work wasn't meaningless. In fact, it was maximally meaningful.

But if the doctor only knows how to be "the person fighting this disease," then success creates an identity crisis.

The work succeeded.

The identity failed.


That's why I think your Deadpool example is interesting.

Early Deadpool's role wasn't simply "the funny one."

His role was to expose the absurdity that everyone else was treating as normal.

But suppose he succeeds.

Suppose the fictional universe becomes more self-aware.

Suppose characters begin acknowledging absurdity themselves.

Suppose writers learn to blend comedy and drama naturally.

Then...

Deadpool has actually won.

The world has become more like the one he implicitly argued for.

The cost of winning is that his comparative advantage disappears.


This reminds me of something in evolutionary biology.

A successful adaptation often changes the environment that selected for it.

Once the environment changes, the adaptation itself may stop being special.

That's not failure.

It's success carrying the seeds of its own obsolescence.


You also said something that I think deserves to be pulled out:

To resist that would be to say that years of resistance was worthless, but to accept it means that he's no longer really any different.

That's a genuine dilemma.

If he insists on remaining the outsider forever, then he's no longer responding to reality—he's preserving an identity.

If he accepts the new reality, he has to relinquish the identity that carried him there.

Neither option is obviously wrong.

That's what makes it tragic.


Interestingly, I think this is one place where your own philosophy differs from Deadpool's.

Over the past few weeks we've talked about your ideas on constitutional structure, journalism, political incentives, social connection, and even your "ortho-societal" framework.

One thing that has remained remarkably consistent is that you don't seem especially attached to being the person who had the idea.

You're attached to the idea becoming ordinary.

You've even said variations of this before—that if society eventually adopts a better way of thinking, you'd almost rather people forget where it came from than refuse to adopt it because of tribalism.

That's almost the opposite of an identity built on permanent opposition.

So I wonder if the version of Deadpool you liked resonated because he represented the beginning of that process: the person who notices the mismatch first.

But your own ideal endpoint isn't "remain the lone observer forever."

It's "make the observation unnecessary."


There's another irony here.

You said:

winning the struggle isn't victory, it's just going to be a new struggle.

I actually think that's one of the healthiest conclusions someone can reach.

Not because struggle is inherently noble, but because progress changes the questions rather than eliminating them.

The abolitionist doesn't wake up after abolition and discover justice has been completed.

The engineer who builds the bridge doesn't end engineering.

The scientist who answers one question usually uncovers ten more.

If your purpose is "this one battle," then victory empties it.

If your purpose is "finding the next mismatch between reality and understanding," then victory is simply a transition.


One thing I'd be careful about is attributing all of this to Deadpool as a character. Part of what you're describing is really a property of long-running serialized fiction.

A character who lasts thirty years doesn't just develop. They become a vessel for successive generations of writers. As those writers absorb what earlier versions pioneered, the surrounding fictional world evolves too. So some of the "tragedy" belongs to the medium itself: influential characters are often absorbed into the conventions they helped establish because later creators grew up reading them.

In that sense, early Deadpool occupies an unusual historical position. He wasn't only participating in comics; he was helping push a shift in how mainstream superhero comics handled tone, self-awareness, and humor. Once those techniques became commonplace, later versions of him could no longer produce quite the same sense of friction simply by existing.

So I think you've uncovered two intertwined stories. One is about a fictional character whose distinctiveness erodes as his world becomes more like him. The other is about a very human problem: if your identity is built around seeing what everyone else misses, what happens when everyone finally sees it too? The answer isn't that your life loses meaning. It's that meaning has to migrate from being the exception to finding the next place where reality and understanding are still out of sync. That's a harder identity to maintain, but it's also a more durable one.

M: Yeah, that's where I'm trying to get across the idea of the tragedy. And maybe it's not that he's a tragic character, but it's just the concept that we're trained to recognize victory as being something to celebrate, an end point that we're going for. And often it can be while still recognizing that life goes on. But when you're talking about adjusting the world, the world will be adjusted and there will be no victory at that point. Just a slow recognition that there is no need for resistance, and instead just the need to reassess. No celebration of what has been accomplished, partly because celebrating it would kind of pollute the actual success. Victory without a ticker tape parade, because you would spoil things with the parade. That's the part that I'm calling the tragedy, not the personal need to recollect everything, but the melancholy that comes from knowing that if everything goes exactly right, none of the effort involved will ever be recognized outside of your own head. And even that will fade because keeping it at front of mind will get in the way of progress. It's much easier to celebrate the initial struggle than corrupt the progress that that kind of success might make, even though from the outside you really, really want to celebrate it.

G: I think you've sharpened it into something that's actually more subtle than tragedy.

The melancholy isn't that you don't get a reward.

It's that the highest form of success erases the evidence that success was ever necessary.

That's a very different idea.

Take a simple example.

Imagine someone invents a bridge over a dangerous river.

For a generation, everyone remembers the person who built it.

Two hundred years later, children simply walk across it.

Nobody celebrates the bridge every morning.

Nobody thanks the engineer.

In fact, if people stopped to have a ceremony every day, the bridge would stop serving its purpose. The point of the bridge is to become boring.

Its success is measured by becoming invisible.

I think that's closer to what you're describing.


I particularly like this sentence:

celebrating it would kind of pollute the actual success.

That's not just poetic.

There's a mechanism behind it.

Once something becomes ritualized, people start protecting the ritual instead of the thing the ritual was supposed to accomplish.

You see this all over institutions.

A reform succeeds.

People commemorate the reform.

Eventually they're defending the commemoration rather than continuing the spirit of reform.

So in a strange way, refusing the parade protects the victory.


That also explains why you described it as melancholy rather than unfair.

You're not saying,

"People ought to appreciate me."

You're saying,

"The very condition that makes the achievement complete is the condition under which it naturally stops being noticed."

That's almost bittersweet.

The disappearance of recognition isn't a flaw.

It's the proof that the work integrated into ordinary life.


I also wonder if the emotional tone you're reaching for is closer to what the Japanese aesthetic tradition calls mono no aware—an awareness that fulfillment and transience are intertwined. Not sadness exactly, but a quiet recognition that the completion of something beautiful also changes it irrevocably. I'm not saying that's exactly your idea, but it feels adjacent.


What's interesting is that Deadpool accidentally becomes a metaphor for this because his own innovation was stylistic.

When he was unusual, everyone noticed him.

Once his style became part of mainstream comics, people stopped noticing the innovation because they had internalized it.

The innovation succeeded so thoroughly that it ceased to register as innovation.

That's almost the artistic equivalent of your bridge.


There's another connection that occurred to me, and I think it fits some of the broader conversations we've had.

You've often argued that the best political or constitutional reforms should eventually become so obvious that people stop thinking of them as reforms.

The ideal isn't perpetual vigilance over the specific reform.

It's reaching a point where people say, "Of course we do it this way."

At that moment, the reform has become part of the landscape instead of part of the debate.

That's exactly the same structure you're describing here.


One tiny refinement I might suggest is to the word "tragedy."

In classical tragedy, the loss is unavoidable because of fate or a flaw.

Here, the loss is actually the completion of the work.

The closest word that comes to my mind is obsolescence—but not in the ordinary sense.

Chosen obsolescence.

The reformer's highest achievement is to make the reformer unnecessary.

The bridge builder's highest achievement is to make people forget there was ever a ferry.

The teacher's highest achievement is for students to stop needing the teacher.

The pioneer writer's highest achievement is for later writers to take the innovation for granted.

There is something undeniably melancholy about that, but it's a melancholy born of fulfillment rather than failure.

That's a surprisingly rare idea, because most stories end with the victory. They almost never linger on the emotional state of someone whose greatest accomplishment was to make their own distinctiveness obsolete. Yet in real life, that's the endpoint of many of our most durable successes.

M: We're using different definitions of the word tragedy. The common use is to call it a synonym of sad or lamentable. I'm using my classic Greek tragedy levels. Like I said, melancholy. The knowledge that it's a situation where victory is never going to be total, just a choice of two options, one of which is better than the other, but neither of which allows for the complete catharsis to occur. Like in your bridge example, finishing the bridge would be celebrated in that moment at least. What I'm talking about is a situation where someone gradually builds a bridge by themselves over a stream. No one knows who does it. They don't talk about it. It just happens. And then a little bit later, someone discovers the bridge and begins using it regularly. It becomes some kind of local or even national monument, but no one ever actually knows who did it. And the person who did it doesn't want to be known, otherwise they would have gotten other people involved. That's the melancholy. It's that there's never a complete, joyful finish where every celebration can occur. Like I said, no catharsis.

G: Ah—that clarification changes what you're aiming at.

You're using "tragedy" much closer to its classical sense: not simply that something bad happens, but that there is no resolution in which every legitimate value can be satisfied simultaneously. Whatever happens, something important must be relinquished.

That fits your example much better than my "identity crisis" interpretation.

The bridge builder is perfect because there are three goods that cannot all coexist:

You only get two.

If the bridge becomes famous because of its builder, the bridge is no longer just a bridge—it becomes a monument to a person.

If the bridge remains anonymous, then the creator necessarily gives up the public completion of the story.

Neither ending is wrong. But neither is complete.

That's a genuinely tragic structure in the Greek sense: not because someone is punished, but because the world refuses to permit a perfect reconciliation of competing goods.


I also think "no catharsis" is actually the key phrase here.

Modern storytelling often treats victory as catharsis.

The battle ends.

The music swells.

Everyone hugs.

The audience leaves emotionally cleansed.

You're describing something much closer to reality in many domains.

The reform succeeds.

Nothing happens.

People simply stop arguing.

Five years later, children assume it was always that way.

No music ever plays.

The story doesn't end.

It just... ceases to require telling.

There is something profoundly unsatisfying about that from a narrative standpoint, even though it may represent the best possible outcome.


What's interesting is that this creates a kind of inverse hero's journey.

The classical hero returns home bearing the boon and is recognized.

Your reformer returns home and the boon slowly dissolves into normality.

Recognition would actually diminish the purity of the accomplishment.

So the hero cannot receive the narrative ending that stories have trained us to expect.


That also explains why you rejected my earlier emphasis on identity.

The tragedy isn't primarily psychological.

It's structural.

The structure of the situation prevents complete closure.

Even if the bridge builder is emotionally healthy...

Even if they expected anonymity...

Even if they're content...

There is still no moment in which all of the emotional and moral threads can be tied off.

That absence is what you're calling tragic.


I think there's an even broader principle hiding in what you're describing.

It could almost be stated as:

The highest forms of success often preclude the possibility of complete catharsis.

Not because success is incomplete.

But because complete success requires that the success cease to be exceptional.

Once that happens, celebration becomes almost inappropriate.

Imagine if every time someone crossed your anonymous bridge there were fireworks celebrating the unknown builder.

The bridge would stop functioning as a bridge.

The celebration would begin interfering with the very thing being celebrated.

So catharsis and completion become mutually exclusive.

That's a genuinely elegant paradox.

And I think it's why your Deadpool example works so well. The "victory" of his way of seeing the world wasn't a parade or a final issue proclaiming, "Deadpool changed comics." It was that many of the techniques that once made him feel out of phase gradually became part of mainstream storytelling. From the perspective of literary history, that's arguably a success. From the perspective of narrative closure, it offers almost none. The innovation dissolves into the background, and because it dissolves into the background, it can never have the kind of ending that stories themselves usually promise. That's a very Greek sort of irony: fulfillment is achieved precisely by making fulfillment impossible to witness as a finished event.

M: And as I look at the thoughts kind of meshed together like that, maybe expanded a little, it ties into other thoughts I've had about stuff like racism and how people learn that they should be dealing with things. Because we are taught that you haven't won unless you've been able to celebrate it. But at the same time, the only way we'll be able to know in hindsight whether racism has been, if not eliminated, at least made so insignificant that it no longer is a major concern, is when Martin Luther King stops being a fresh inspiration for every generation, which is not something that anyone who sees them as a figurehead of their current movement would accept. They believe that victory will happen when the equivalent of a statue of him existing in every capital city happens or something like that. When in reality, racism will only be thoroughly eliminated if people know only a little bit more about him than, for instance, Martin Van Buren. In order to have that kind of complete victory, you can't constantly point out the process that got you halfway. Like, I'm not going to go out and advocate to everyone that Deadpool should be some kind of model from back in the late 90s of how things should change, because doing so would lead to a kind of divisiveness if I was successful. It would mean that some people would say, well, look at things now. Everything is kind of random. Isn't that what he wanted? And then other people would get the point and take it too far and say, no, you don't understand the tragedy behind it. And then a third group would get disgusted with both because they recognize that both were missing the point. That's kind of a more socially disposable way of talking about stuff like racism. It doesn't stop existing because of an active fight. Held until a victory, but because the fight leads to a point where fighting is no longer required, but because we're trained to require that everything that is done be celebrated in order to be true. No one, very few people recognize that victory won't be celebrated because it will be victory. And meanwhile, you're fighting against people like Donald who are so shallow that any victory or even action that isn't celebrated seems to be a personal offense. So that right there isn't helping either.

G: I think you've identified a genuine tension, though I'd separate two different ideas that are easy to conflate.

The first is how societies remember the struggle.

The second is how societies know the struggle has succeeded.

Those are related, but they aren't identical.

Take your example. One plausible indicator that racism had become much less significant would indeed be that people no longer felt a continual need to invoke entity["people","Martin Luther King Jr.","American civil rights leader"] as an active participant in current political arguments. If his central role in public life gradually shifted from being a contemporary moral touchstone to being primarily a historical figure, that could be one sign that some of the goals of the civil rights movement had become more deeply embedded in society.

At the same time, it's worth being careful about making that the defining measure. Collective memory changes for many reasons besides success. People can forget because a problem is solved, but they can also forget because attention shifts, education changes, or history is neglected. So fading prominence isn't, by itself, proof of victory. It has to be accompanied by the underlying social outcome actually improving.

That distinction actually reinforces your broader point.

Your broader point isn't really about MLK. It's about the relationship between reform and memory.

I think the principle you're circling is something like this:

Every successful reform wants to become ordinary, but every movement wants its founding story remembered.

Those two desires pull against each other.

If the reform truly becomes ordinary, eventually people stop consciously thinking about it every day.

If the founding story remains permanently central to everyone's identity, then the reform never fully leaves the realm of active struggle.

Neither of those is necessarily wrong. They just serve different purposes.


I also think you're putting your finger on something about narratives.

Stories teach us that the structure is:

Reality often isn't.

Reality is more like:

That makes for terrible fiction.

But it's often how institutions and cultures actually change.


Where I would push back just a little is on this sentence:

No one, very few people recognize that victory won't be celebrated because it will be victory.

I think some victories are appropriately celebrated, especially when the celebration serves functions like honoring sacrifice, preserving historical knowledge, or expressing gratitude. The challenge is what happens afterward.

The danger isn't celebration itself.

The danger is when celebration becomes the destination instead of the transition.

If every anniversary must recreate the emotional intensity of the original struggle, then the society is incentivized to keep experiencing itself as permanently unfinished, because the narrative depends on the feeling of ongoing struggle.

On the other hand, if a society forgets too quickly, it risks losing the reasons those changes mattered in the first place.

So there really is a balancing act.


I think your Deadpool analogy is still doing useful work here because it's not actually about comics anymore.

Early Deadpool represented a disruptive perspective.

If that perspective genuinely influenced the medium, then the ideal endpoint isn't that every comic keeps announcing "this is the Deadpool way."

It's that writers naturally incorporate what worked without having to think about where it came from.

The innovation disappears into craft.

That's arguably the highest compliment an artistic innovation can receive, even though it denies the innovator a dramatic final act.

So I think your larger philosophical idea is less "victory shouldn't be celebrated" than "the deepest victories become infrastructure."

Infrastructure is rarely the focus of attention while it's working well. Roads, clean water systems, and stable institutions mostly disappear into the background of everyday life. The same can happen with social norms and artistic innovations. When they succeed, they stop feeling like achievements and start feeling like "the way things are."

That's a kind of ending that stories aren't very good at depicting, because it lacks a climactic moment. But for many long-term changes, it may be closer to how lasting success actually looks.

M: You went superlative again. I wasn't saying it should be a capital T, the defining measurement. I'm saying it would be a defining measurement. If MLK was completely forgotten for bad reasons, it would look the same. But in a world without racism, he certainly would become a slightly more well-known, if just because of recordings, figure than George Washington, but similarly thought of more by people as a instance of history than an active inspiration. I mean, given the options, I would aspire to a world where the only people who were actually inspired by MLK were the same nutjobs who believe, sorry, not the same nutjobs, but nutjobs who believe similarly to the guys who think that because Washington was the first president and had slaves, we should therefore still have slavery. You know, people who invoke a historical name not because of comprehension of the situation, but because they're trying to use a widely known name as some kind of weight for an argument that doesn't deserve any weight.

G: Fair correction. I overstated your claim by turning "a defining measurement" into "the defining measurement." That changes the logic.

Your point is actually narrower and, I think, more interesting.

You're saying there are certain indicators that are necessary consequences of genuine success, even though they are not sufficient to prove it.

Using your example:

That's a one-way implication:

Success → eventual historical distancing.

Not:

Historical distancing → success.

Those are very different claims.


I also think this ties back to your earlier point about catharsis.

If society reaches the point where MLK is discussed much as we discuss many other important historical figures—still respected, still taught, but not constantly invoked as an active participant in current moral debates—that would mean something bittersweet.

Not because people had forgotten his importance.

But because the conditions that required his continual invocation had largely disappeared.

His greatest legacy would be making himself less necessary as an everyday reference.


There's another layer that I think is implicit in what you're saying.

Movements naturally want to preserve the memory of the struggle.

Societies, once they've internalized the result, naturally stop thinking about the struggle very often.

Neither impulse is irrational.

They simply operate on different time horizons.

The movement says,

"Remember how hard this was."

The mature society says,

"This is just how decent people behave."

If the second state is genuine, then the first inevitably becomes less central over generations—not because anyone decided to erase it, but because it has become embedded in ordinary expectations.


I also appreciated your last example because it highlights something subtle.

You aren't imagining a future where nobody knows who MLK was.

You're imagining a future where invoking his name in an argument feels as historically remote as someone invoking entity["people","George Washington","First president of the United States"] to defend slavery. The appeal itself would signal that the speaker was reaching back into a historical context that no longer maps onto the moral assumptions of contemporary society.

Whether that exact future ever arrives is an open question, but I think the structure of the idea is sound: when a reform is deeply assimilated, the people who achieved it gradually cease to function as everyday participants in current debates and become primarily part of the historical foundation beneath them.

That actually circles back to your anonymous bridge builder. The bridge isn't forgotten. It's simply no longer experienced as "the new bridge." It's part of the landscape. And the builder's work has succeeded precisely because crossing the bridge no longer requires anyone to think about the act of building it.