M: I have a hedgehog who has a growth on her liver. She is 4 1/2 years old; taking care of the growth would be questionable at best, and she might not have that long left, even if it could perfectly be fixed, so we are going to be trying to just make her life good until it’s her turn to pass. With this in mind: Can you tell me if you know of any ways to differentiate between the normal skittishness of an African pygmy hedgehog, and when she is truly suffering?

G: I'm sorry you're going through this with your hedgehog. African pygmy hedgehogs are naturally skittish, so it can be tricky to tell when they’re in distress or discomfort. However, there are a few signs you can watch for that might indicate she's suffering rather than just being her usual self:

  1. Changes in Activity Level:
    If she becomes unusually lethargic or stops exploring during her active hours, it may signal discomfort or pain. A happy hedgehog will typically still show interest in moving around, even if slower due to age.

  2. Appetite and Weight:
    A drop in appetite or noticeable weight loss can indicate she's not feeling well. On the flip side, refusing treats she used to love is another red flag.

  3. Respiration and Sounds:
    Labored breathing, wheezing, or vocalizations (like frequent huffing, squeaking, or whining) can be signs of pain or distress. Occasional grumpiness is normal, but persistent noise changes are concerning.

  4. Posture and Movement:
    Look for signs like curling into a ball more tightly than usual and refusing to uncurl, limping, or lying stretched out unnaturally. Pain can sometimes cause hedgehogs to adopt odd positions.

  5. Self-Mutilation or Excessive Grooming:
    If she begins chewing, scratching excessively, or otherwise harming herself, this can indicate irritation, pain, or discomfort.

  6. Bathroom Habits:
    Changes in stool (loose, discolored, or absent) or urination (straining or not urinating) can indicate digestive or systemic issues related to her liver condition.

  7. Eye Brightness and Skin Condition:
    A dullness in her eyes, flaky or discolored skin, or fur loss could suggest her overall health is declining.

Ultimately, trust your gut—you know her quirks and baseline better than anyone else. If you’re unsure whether she’s suffering, consulting with a vet who’s experienced with hedgehogs can provide clarity, especially if you want advice on pain management options like meloxicam or other palliative treatments.

Above all, keeping her warm, hydrated, and surrounded by her favorite things will make her feel safe and loved. You're clearly giving her the best care possible in her final stretch.